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Timber, with its timeless appeal and remarkable versatility, has shaped the world around us in countless incredible ways. From the homes we live in, to the bridges we have built to connect entire communities, wood has played a pivotal role in the construction of our societies. With a rich history dating from the early days of humans to the modern age (and beyond!) it is one of the few building materials which has been with us since the dawn of our species.

To learn more we have taken a look back through time, exploring just how much timber has helped us to get where we are today.

The Early Days of Timber Construction

The use of timber in construction dates back to the Stone Age, making it one of the earliest building materials employed by humans. In fact, the earliest signs of woodworking by human hands date back around 1.5 million years – very early on in the evolution of the species. The first known uses of timber were for tools, e.g. handaxes, which would have helped humans become better hunters in harsh environments and given them an advantage over predators.

As evolution continued, the abundance of timber made it key to human survival and development. From building shelters to finding food, it gave early humans access to a building material which was fairly easy to work.

Ancient Timber Construction

As civilisations evolved, so did their use of timber products in construction. Ancient cultures such as the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans utilised timber for a wide range of purposes, including the construction of homes and larger buildings. The timber used was not always locally sourced either! Between 2014 and 2016, a 2,000 year old Roman villa was discovered to have 24 Oak timber planks sourced from mountains in France making up part of the foundations. That is a long journey for high-quality timber – but it did last for thousands of years, so it paid for itself!

Historical timber usage

Mediaeval Timber Uses

The mediaeval period saw a steep increase in timber-framed architecture. Timber was abundant, and its strength and flexibility made it ideal for creating intricate designs and large, open spaces. Timber-framed buildings, such as mediaeval European cathedrals and Japanese pagodas, are a testament to the craftsmanship and engineering knowledge of the time.

The Industrial Revolution and Mass Timber

The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point in the history of timber in construction. With advances in technology and a sudden rush of trade, timber began to be used on a much larger scale. New timbers were also created, including Glulam, which allowed for stronger construction using cheaper timber, creating complex buildings on a mass scale.

Timber Today: Sustainable and Innovative

Though steel, concrete and plastic all became fierce competitors to wood in the 1900s, the 2000s have seen a timber comeback thanks to the sustainable revolution. With eco-friendly building practices becoming increasingly important to businesses and construction clients, the renewable, carbon-sequestering properties of timber make it a popular choice for the modern age.

Find FSC-Certified Timber at EcoChoice

If you are a timber enthusiast, you will fit right in with the EcoChoice community! Supplying FSC-certified wood from responsibly managed forests to projects around the UK, here we live, breathe and sleep timber. If you are looking for cladding boards, decking boards or bespoke timber products for your next project, get in touch with us today and we will be more than happy to help.

Image: Suratwadee Rattanajarupak / Shutterstock.com

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Ask Joe! Expert industry advice

Unsure which timer is best for your project?

Our timber experts have years of experience and will be able to match the perfect species to your project, as well as provide a quote for sustainable timber at highly competitive prices.

Frequently asked questions

Do you supply timber for domestic uses?

Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

Is your timber FSC-certified?

Yes, all timber we supply is FSC or PEFC certified and sourced from independently verified responsibly managed forests. If we can’t find your request in FSC/PEFC certified timber we’ll suggest an alternative that is certified or clearly note that the offer is minimum EUTR.

Where does EcoChoice deliver to?

EcoChoice delivers to construction sites, warehouses and homes across the UK, as long as there’s access and unloading for our trucks.

What are the best timber species for exterior use?

There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

What wood machining services do you offer?

We can offer planing, sawing, drilling and profiling of rough-sawn wood to any profile you require: from handrails to large port fenders.

Can you supply pre-drilled timber?

Yes, we will be happy to provide pre-drilled timber which is tailored to your needs for quick installation, thus saving you valuable time on site.

What cladding profiles do you supply?

We provide a wide range of cladding profiles, including tongue and groove, featheredge and shiplap. You can check the standard profiles here – but we can also match or custom make profiles to suit your specific needs.

Does timber change colour?

Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

Where are you based?

We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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What our customers say about us

Good quality, great service, fast delivery!

5

Marinella Li

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

5

Janet Sycamore

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

5

Tim Saunders

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

5

Emma Hurrell

Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

5

Prem Raja

Always reliable and quality products, easy to deal with company.

5

Stone Zone

4.9

Average rating on Google Reviews

  • 9 years ago

Wonderful guys!

Nicola Edmead

  • 6 years ago

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

Tim Saunders

  • 6 years ago

Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

Prem Raja

  • 9 years ago

Experts in Timber, Nationwide delivery

Joe Middleton

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