Self-protecting trees – how they protect themselves from predators

Did you know that there are some trees out there that actually protect themselves from predators? These are called self-protecting trees and this article will shine a spotlight on what they are and how they protect themselves.

Trees Have Many Potential Predators

Trees often have several different pests and pathogens that are trying to destroy them which means that they have to be constantly alert to ward these threats off. Beasts, bugs, and much more can really affect a tree.

Some trees will be preyed upon more by bugs whilst others, such as the acacia tree, often have to contend with giraffes who love to eat their leaves.

How Do They Know They Are Being Preyed Upon?

Much like humans and animals, trees can also sense when someone or something is touching them.

Whether it’s a bug nibbling at their leaves or a larger animal trying to take a twig or a branch, trees are aware of what is going on.

Whilst they do not have a central nervous system and may not feel pain like humans and animals do, they can sense things and will react in such a way to protect themselves.

Many people do not realise how social trees actually are and that they can actually ‘warn’ each other about different threats and dangers.

Scientific studies have found that trees that have been attacked actually send warnings to neighbouring trees.

They can also send these warning signals to other trees further away too, thanks to certain scents – with studies showing forests that have been attacked on one side increase defence on the other side!

It’s fascinating that the roots and fungal networks of trees can sense the electromagnetic fields of other trees, no matter how subtle they are, and put their defence mechanisms into place.

Studies actually found that some will even share nutrients with trees nearby to help them fight the incoming attack.

Which Trees Protect Themselves?

Poisonous berry

There are quite a few species of trees that protect themselves when they feel that they are being threatened.

Some physically change their leaves – the European Holly makes its lower leaves spiky whilst the top leaves stay the same.

Others may make their needles more poisonous such as the English Yew.

Acacia trees send out ethylene gas as a distress signal if giraffes start to eat their leaves – which lets neighbouring acacias know of the threat and they can make their leaves contain something which makes larger predators sick.

Some other acacias even house and feed ants which then viciously defend the trees against everything else it deems a threat!

However, it’s not just the threat of predators that lead trees to protect themselves. Studies have found that some trees produce wound hormones to help themselves heal or replace torn off buds or limbs. Such an incident may occur during a storm or a natural event.

There is plenty that we can do to protect trees ourselves but it’s great to know that many can protect themselves in a variety of ways, whether that be from animals, insects, or other threats.

Image: Angel DiBilio / Shutterstock.com, Iva Vagnerova / Shutterstock.com

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How trees protect themselves from predators

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Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

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There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

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Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

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We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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