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When it comes to woodworking and decking projects, understanding the basics of cutting your timber is essential. Two fundamental types of cuts you will often encounter during decking construction are rip cuts and cross cuts, both of which can be crucial to the success of your project. Knowing the difference between the two will go a long way to improving your woodworking skills! With that in mind, our team at EcoChoice have put together an easy-to-understand guide with everything you need to know.

What Are Rip Cuts?

A rip cut is a term used to describe a cut which is made parallel to the wood’s grain. The grain of timber shows you the direction in which the fibres within the wood are orientated, and cutting along this line usually means cutting the board lengthwise. The end result is one board turned into two (or more) narrower boards.

Rip cuts are usually used for tasks such as creating narrow boards, trimming the edges of plywood or turning larger boards into smaller, more manageable pieces.

By cutting with the grain, you will end up with smooth, more predictable cuts. Rip cuts also help to maximise the usable surface area of the timber and reduce waste.

What Are Cross Cuts?

In contrast to rip cuts, cross cuts involve cutting the timber board across the wood grain, perpendicular to its fibres. Think of it as slicing a piece of wood like a loaf of bread, creating smaller sections with consistent thickness. With a cross cut, you will be left with more uniform boards which are less likely than rip cuts to split along the grain.

Cross cuts are commonly used for tasks such as cutting the ends of decking boards to the correct length, either before or after installation.

When to Use Rip Cuts and Cross Cuts

When installing your decking boards, it is a good idea to know when you will use rip cuts and cross cuts. This will also translate into other woodworking projects, making you a timber-cutting pro!

Rip cuts should be used when you need to create narrower timber boards for your decking. For example, if the boards you have are too broad for your aesthetic you could use a rip cut to split them in half. You can also use rip cuts when end boards are too wide for your frame, leading to overhanging planks.

Cross cuts create timber decking boards of uniform length. Many builders use cross cuts to ensure the timber boards on which they are working fit within the decking frame, creating a neat, smooth edge. It is also a cut which is frequently used when the decking is finished to neaten up decking boards after installation, and in the coming months when movement of your boards can lead to some uneven edges.

Tips For Cutting Your Timber Boards

Whether you are using a rip cut or a cross cut on your decking boards, there are methods you can follow to ensure precision. Here are some of our team’s top tips:

  • Measure twice, cut once to reduce inaccuracy
  • Invest in high-quality saws for a cleaner cut
  • Use clamps to secure your decking boards before cutting
  • Make test cuts on scrap wood until you feel confident

Be sure you wear the appropriate safety gear! Safety glasses and hearing protection are a must when working with power tools.

Get More Help at EcoChoice

Whether you are installing timber decking yourself or would like to know more about the process before making your decision, our team at EcoChoice will be more than happy to help. Get in touch with us today and let’s chat about your project.

Image: ungvar / Shutterstock.com

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Unsure which timer is best for your project?

Our timber experts have years of experience and will be able to match the perfect species to your project, as well as provide a quote for sustainable timber at highly competitive prices.

Frequently asked questions

Do you supply timber for domestic uses?

Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

Is your timber FSC-certified?

Yes, all timber we supply is FSC or PEFC certified and sourced from independently verified responsibly managed forests. If we can’t find your request in FSC/PEFC certified timber we’ll suggest an alternative that is certified or clearly note that the offer is minimum EUTR.

Where does EcoChoice deliver to?

EcoChoice delivers to construction sites, warehouses and homes across the UK, as long as there’s access and unloading for our trucks.

What are the best timber species for exterior use?

There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

What wood machining services do you offer?

We can offer planing, sawing, drilling and profiling of rough-sawn wood to any profile you require: from handrails to large port fenders.

Can you supply pre-drilled timber?

Yes, we will be happy to provide pre-drilled timber which is tailored to your needs for quick installation, thus saving you valuable time on site.

What cladding profiles do you supply?

We provide a wide range of cladding profiles, including tongue and groove, featheredge and shiplap. You can check the standard profiles here – but we can also match or custom make profiles to suit your specific needs.

Does timber change colour?

Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

Where are you based?

We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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Good quality, great service, fast delivery!

5

Marinella Li

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

5

Janet Sycamore

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

5

Tim Saunders

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

5

Emma Hurrell

Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

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Prem Raja

Always reliable and quality products, easy to deal with company.

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Average rating on Google Reviews

  • 3 years ago

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

Janet Sycamore

  • 9 years ago

Experts in Timber, Nationwide delivery

Joe Middleton

  • 6 years ago

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

Emma Hurrell

  • 2 weeks ago

Good quality, great service, fast delivery!

Marinella Li

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