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From architects to construction professionals, a lot of trades deal with environmental product declarations (EPD). When choosing timber for your next cladding project, getting to grips with what an EPD is and how it affects your choice is a smart move, especially if you are looking to build sustainably. But where to start?

In this guide, we will walk through what an EPD is and what it means for your timber cladding choices.

What is an EPD?

An environmental product declaration (usually known as an EPD) is an official document which traces the environmental impact of your timber cladding. In particular, it details your timber’s life-cycle assessment (LCA), which looks at different environmental impacts your material might have from the moment it is felled to the time it is discarded.

Why Are EPDs Used in Cladding Installations?

EPDs are a brilliant way to help you find the most sustainable option for your timber cladding. By looking at the entire lifecycle of your specific cladding, you get a much better idea of the carbon footprint of your timber and whether it aligns with your eco-friendly construction goals. This goes beyond the eco credentials of timber as a whole and dives into the exact product you are considering.

Typically, EPDs are used by architects, engineers and designers, though they can also be useful to homeowners undertaking sustainable DIY projects. On your side, you are able to choose the most sustainable timber cladding for your project. On our side (the timber suppliers), we can be fully transparent with our clients and ensure that when we say ‘sustainable timber cladding’, we have the proof to back it up.

An EPD typically remains valid for five years and is created in line with recognised industry standards. In the construction sector, this means following frameworks such as ISO 14044, ISO 14025, EN 15804, or ISO 21930.

How to Use EPDs to Find Sustainable Cladding

Beyond the jargon, using an EPD to guide your timber cladding choice is actually pretty simple. The key is knowing which parts of the document matter most for your project:

  1. Look at lifecycle stages: EPDs break down impacts across several phases, from raw material extraction right through to disposal processing. Focusing on the full lifespan of the timber gives you a realistic picture of its overall environmental performance, not just its benefits at the point of installation.
  2. Pay attention to global warming potential (GWP): If you are aiming to reduce the carbon footprint of your build, the GWP section is a great place to start. This metric shows how much carbon is emitted – or stored, in timber’s case – throughout the product’s life cycle. Products with lower GWP values contribute less to climate change.
  3. Compare like-for-like products: EPDs make it possible to compare different cladding options fairly. Explore options for timber species which are native to Europe, e.g. Oak and Larch, and compare them with those shipped from further away, Canadian Cedar and Opepe, for instance.
  4. Check for third-party verification: A credible EPD is independently reviewed to ensure the data is reliable. This gives you peace of mind that the sustainability claims are not just marketing, but are backed by solid evidence.
  5. Use other sustainability markers: While EPDs are incredibly useful, they are just one piece of the puzzle. That is why at EcoChoice we ensure all our timber cladding is certified by independent organisations such as the FSC or PEFC, giving you the peace of mind that your timber has been sourced from responsibly managed forests.

Buy Sustainable Timber Cladding at EcoChoice

Whether you are using EPDs or not, you can find sustainable timber cladding at EcoChoice. From Frake to Cumaru and everything in between, we work with timber providers who champion biodiversity and conservation, creating a more responsible way to supply timber.

Speak to our team about sustainable timber cladding options.

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Environmental product declaration

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Our timber experts have years of experience and will be able to match the perfect species to your project, as well as provide a quote for sustainable timber at highly competitive prices.

Frequently asked questions

Do you supply timber for domestic uses?

Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

Is your timber FSC-certified?

Yes, all timber we supply is FSC or PEFC certified and sourced from independently verified responsibly managed forests. If we can’t find your request in FSC/PEFC certified timber we’ll suggest an alternative that is certified or clearly note that the offer is minimum EUTR.

Where does EcoChoice deliver to?

EcoChoice delivers to construction sites, warehouses and homes across the UK, as long as there’s access and unloading for our trucks.

What are the best timber species for exterior use?

There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

What wood machining services do you offer?

We can offer planing, sawing, drilling and profiling of rough-sawn wood to any profile you require: from handrails to large port fenders.

Can you supply pre-drilled timber?

Yes, we will be happy to provide pre-drilled timber which is tailored to your needs for quick installation, thus saving you valuable time on site.

What cladding profiles do you supply?

We provide a wide range of cladding profiles, including tongue and groove, featheredge and shiplap. You can check the standard profiles here – but we can also match or custom make profiles to suit your specific needs.

Does timber change colour?

Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

Where are you based?

We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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Marinella Li

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

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Janet Sycamore

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

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Tim Saunders

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

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Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

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Nicola Edmead

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Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

Emma Hurrell

  • 6 years ago

Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

Prem Raja

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