Spotlight on species – Larch (Siberian vs European differences)

There are a variety of different Larch trees. This article will shine a light on the differences between two different species of Larch: the Siberian Larch and the European Larch.

What Is Larch’s Botanical Name?

Larch has the botanical name Larix but there are many different types of Larch out there, including the Siberian and the European Larches.

The botanical name for Siberian Larch is Larix sibirica, otherwise known as Russian Larch, whereas the European Larch’s botanical name is Larix decidua.

Each Larch species has its own botanical name which begins with their family name, the Larix genus.

Then comes the species name: sibirica or decidua – so it’s the reverse order of our names: first surname and then first name!

Where Can Larch Be Found?

The Siberian Larch is native to Western Russia –  found from close to the Finnish border all the way to the Yenisei valley in central Siberia.

The European Larch can be found in the Alps, Carpathian Mountains, and the Pyrenees as well as locations in northern Poland and southern Lithuania.

Larch tends to favour colder climates. Whilst it originated in central Europe, it is now widespread in the UK.

What Does A Larch Tree Look Like?

Both trees are medium to large deciduous coniferous trees (softwoods), with the Siberian Larch reaching up to 50m in height and the European reaching up to 40m.

Both have a trunk diameter of up to 1m and the crown of the tree becomes broader with age. In both species of Larch, the main branches are level, sweeping upwards whereas the smaller branches hang down loosely.

Both species have shoots of varying size. Some shoots are long and bear several buds, whereas some will only bear a single bud and be quite small.

The leaves tend to be bright green on both types of Larch, before turning yellow in the Autumn. Each Larch’s leaves are soft and needle-like.

Despite their similarities, there are some differences between the two types of Larch with the shoots on the Siberian Larch being downy, unlike their European counterpart.

Siberian Larch grow slower and stronger as they have to withstand colder temperatures, making them more durable (more years of service) and with a higher density – perfect for external cladding and decking.

Siberian Larch is imported into the UK pre-dried and cut and tends to be more expensive than its European cousin, which is why European Larch also earns its place as a popular choice when it comes to cladding.

What Does Larch Timber Look Like?

Siberian Larch timber is creamy yellow or light brown which weathers to a silvery-grey without treatment and a smooth texture. This can be changed with treatment and staining.

European Larch timber ranges from yellow to a medium reddish-brown and can have interesting patterns in its growth rings.

What Properties Does It Have?

Larch is one of the densest softwoods, weighing 590 kg/m³ when dried, making it great for construction. There is a high sap content and it is unlikely to shrink. Larch timber can be very durable with Siberian Larch timber valued for its waterproof qualities and being scratch resistant.

European Larch timber is harder than Scottish pine and is also slightly stronger in terms of bending and toughness, with a crushing strength of 7540 lbs. Both have great working qualities but it can be a struggle when it comes to nailing.

What Are The Main Uses?

Larch timber is generally used for heavy carpentry, includings flooring. European Larch is also frequently used for outdoor purposes including fence posts and boat building, whereas Siberian Larch is often used for cladding.

Did you know?

The Larch tree holds special significance in some Asian countries to women who have fertility issues. There is a belief that if they spend a night under a Larch, it will help them to conceive a baby.

So, it’s clear to see why Larch is such an appealing tree across the world. Whilst there are plenty of similarities between the Siberian Larch and the European Larch, there are some notable differences that cannot be ignored.

If you’d like more information on any of the wood we use or the work we do, then please get in touch on 0345 638 1340.

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Spotlight on Larch

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Unsure which timer is best for your project?

Our timber experts have years of experience and will be able to match the perfect species to your project, as well as provide a quote for sustainable timber at highly competitive prices.

Frequently asked questions

Do you supply timber for domestic uses?

Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

Is your timber FSC-certified?

Yes, all timber we supply is FSC or PEFC certified and sourced from independently verified responsibly managed forests. If we can’t find your request in FSC/PEFC certified timber we’ll suggest an alternative that is certified or clearly note that the offer is minimum EUTR.

Where does EcoChoice deliver to?

EcoChoice delivers to construction sites, warehouses and homes across the UK, as long as there’s access and unloading for our trucks.

What are the best timber species for exterior use?

There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

What wood machining services do you offer?

We can offer planing, sawing, drilling and profiling of rough-sawn wood to any profile you require: from handrails to large port fenders.

Can you supply pre-drilled timber?

Yes, we will be happy to provide pre-drilled timber which is tailored to your needs for quick installation, thus saving you valuable time on site.

What cladding profiles do you supply?

We provide a wide range of cladding profiles, including tongue and groove, featheredge and shiplap. You can check the standard profiles here – but we can also match or custom make profiles to suit your specific needs.

Does timber change colour?

Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

Where are you based?

We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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  • 3 years ago

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

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Great service, quality products and very easy to deal with. Thank you.

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Good quality, great service, fast delivery!

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  • 6 years ago

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

Tim Saunders

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