What are fenders used for in marine environments?

It’s no secret that timber is used for more than just decking. From tables to the frames of houses, it is a very versatile material with a whole range of functions! But did you know that it is also a key construction material for the marine environment? You might not think wood would be the best choice around water, but it actually works very well when chosen properly. One of its main marine applications is fenders. Here’s everything you need to know.

What Are Marine Fenders?

With heavy currents and strong waves, it’s not difficult for equipment out at sea to become damaged. When ships and boats are being tossed around by the winds or water, crashes are bound to happen with piers, harbours and marinas! This is where fenders come in. These common features in the marine built environment are designed to absorb the impact of vessel collisions, creating a cushion between the ship and the harbour wall.

They’re also referred to as marine bumpers, and work in a similar way to bumpers on a car. They are essential out at sea to prevent constant damage to boats, ports and other equipment, keeping our ocean-bound vessels safe for years to come.

What Are Timber Fenders Used For?

Timber is used to create fenders for many applications. They can be used on the hulls of boats, on the side of harbours and ports, around offshore wind turbines and on oil refinery sites. You can also find timber fenders on rivers and canals, where they are used at lock gates and along the banks to prevent boats from scraping against the edge, especially if the banks are made of steel or concrete.

Fenders are permanent, long-lasting structures that need to be durable, so are made from the hardiest timbers such as Ekki or Oak. These species are chosen for being naturally durable, which means they can last many years in water contact without rotting or needing to be treated with nasty chemicals.

Let’s Take a Closer Look at Some of the Applications

Timber fenders can be used slightly differently depending on the application, but the general idea is the same. For example, on oil refineries out at sea, timber is added to the concrete bases which rise out of the sea. Along the edges of the concrete are vertical and horizontal fenders, as well as dolphins – three or more poles tied together. The fenders usually have chamfers on all four edges to avoid damaging any vessels that hit them. The timber used has the correct density to absorb the impact without damaging the vessel.

This is a similar system to the fenders we supplied for the Thames Barrier, which are curved and pre-drilled.

Fender installation

Another system is to completely cover a wall edge with timber. Rather than timbers piles at regular intervals, planks are used to create a new front, encasing the material that needs to be protected. This is a more fool-proof design, where even small objects can’t collide with the equipment.

Putney Embankment Foreshore in Central London

One application of fenders that EcoChoice were involved in was along Putney Embankment, where a new stretch of public land was being built directly into the Thames. We delivered over 100 FSC-certified Greenheart fenders, accurately measured and in a range of different profiles. The wood created a fender facade that would protect the Thames pier whilst adding a contemporary, neat aesthetic that blends in with the natural surroundings.

Learn More About Timber With EcoChoice

At EcoChoice, our timber experts are committed to educating the world about all things timber! From fenders to FSC-certified forests, we have a wealth of knowledge which we are ready to share. Keep reading our blog to learn more, or find out more about us and become part of the EcoChoice community.

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How fenders are used in marine construction

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Unsure which timer is best for your project?

Our timber experts have years of experience and will be able to match the perfect species to your project, as well as provide a quote for sustainable timber at highly competitive prices.

Frequently asked questions

Do you supply timber for domestic uses?

Yes, we supply timber for domestic applications as well as commercial and public constructions. From garden decking to shed cladding, we will be happy to supply smaller deliveries for home use.

Is your timber FSC-certified?

Yes, all timber we supply is FSC or PEFC certified and sourced from independently verified responsibly managed forests. If we can’t find your request in FSC/PEFC certified timber we’ll suggest an alternative that is certified or clearly note that the offer is minimum EUTR.

Where does EcoChoice deliver to?

EcoChoice delivers to construction sites, warehouses and homes across the UK, as long as there’s access and unloading for our trucks.

What are the best timber species for exterior use?

There are many different timber species suitable for exterior use and which is the best for your project depends on your requirements. In general, though, we recommend EkkiGreenheartOpepe and Oak for heavier civil/marine uses. For intermediary external use such as decking, where the timber needs to be both strong and durable but not on the same level as civil engineering (bridgespiling, etc) we usually supply CumaruIpe, Jatoba, and Balau. And for the lighter exterior use where the timber is non-structural such as cladding, we deliver CedarLarchThermowood and others.

Which timber is the most durable?

Durability Class 1 timbers are the most durable. This of course depends on the use (hazard) class they’ll be in service for. For direct ground and water contact such as sleepers, fenders, marine piling, etc, Ekki and Greenheart are known to be the most durable timbers available. For decking and cladding where there’s no direct ground contact (use class 3) there’s a much wider range of timbers such Larch, Cedar, Thermo modified Pine or Ash and others.

What’s the best timber for internal cladding?

Internal cladding, where your timber is not in ground and not exposed to the elements can be classed as either use-class 1 or 2 – in which case most timbers will meet this durability criteria. That is not to say they’ll be the best, since internal environments have lower humidity (moisture) levels than outside. So in these cases, it’s best to go for a kiln-dried timber cladding board as these are more stable and delivered already in lower MC (moisture content) than the usual fresh sawn timbers sent to external applications. A word of caution – as timber reacts to variations in moisture, it’s best to avoid cladding any areas inside your bathroom.

How can I make decking less slippery?

The first thing is to ensure your deck boards are kept clean from leaves and other debris which will, over time, cover the surface and make it more slippery. Grooved boards can be used to improve grip if installed and used perpendicular to traffic, so especially useful in narrow passages and footbridges. Lastly, you can add our Grip-Choice strips: these are a mix of epoxy with aggregates that add gripping ridges to your deck area. Gripchoice is an easy way to make decking less slippery and safer, especially over large areas or where there’s high traffic. We can pre-install Grip-Choice strips for your decking before delivery or ship the strips separately to add to your existing deck’s grooves as a retro-fit solution.

What wood machining services do you offer?

We can offer planing, sawing, drilling and profiling of rough-sawn wood to any profile you require: from handrails to large port fenders.

Can you supply pre-drilled timber?

Yes, we will be happy to provide pre-drilled timber which is tailored to your needs for quick installation, thus saving you valuable time on site.

What cladding profiles do you supply?

We provide a wide range of cladding profiles, including tongue and groove, featheredge and shiplap. You can check the standard profiles here – but we can also match or custom make profiles to suit your specific needs.

Does timber change colour?

Yes, timber is well-known for changing colour over time. Some species can darken quickly right after installation, and like most untreated wood will eventually weather to a beautiful silver-grey. Interior timber is less likely to change colour (depending on conditions), and timber can be stained, painted or treated with UV-resistant oils to reduce colour change.

Do I need to treat exterior timber?

Some timbers such as Oak and Ekki, can withstand the strains of exterior use without any treatment. However, to extend the lifespan and maintain the aesthetic of your wood, we do recommend treating your timber with stains and oils. Pre-treated timber, such as ThermoWood and OrganoWood, are low-maintenance options which are more durable, but can have their life service extended by applying a clean and stain maintenance schedule.

Do I need to treat interior timber?

Depends on what area the timber is being used. For floor joists and timber rafters, it is common to see timber treated, or least very well kiln-dried. Other uses such as flooring may benefit from varnishing while internal timber cladding for decorative purposes shouldn’t require any treatment other than if you want to change its colour with different types of stains or oils.

Where are you based?

We’re based in Cambridge, UK, and coordinate multiple sawmills all over the world to manufacture your order. We then organise delivery with a range of hauliers so that your orders gets to your site on time.

What are the usual decking sizes?

Timber decking is usually 21x140mm or similar. For heavier applications where there’s more load and traffic, we deliver 35 or 45mm thick boards (such as Hastings Pier). Narrower boards are also possible: 95-90mm is a standard width – but we can manufacture whatever size you require.

What are the usual cladding sizes?

Typical cladding section sizes are 18×95 and 18x145mm although we can always custom make a section to suit your project’s design requirements. That includes waney edge boards in Oak or Chestnut as well as extra wide 195mm boards.

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What our customers say about us

Good quality, great service, fast delivery!

5

Marinella Li

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

5

Janet Sycamore

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

5

Tim Saunders

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

5

Emma Hurrell

Fantastic company- Mike and the team are the best in the business- worked with them for many years.

5

Prem Raja

Always reliable and quality products, easy to deal with company.

5

Stone Zone

4.9

Average rating on Google Reviews

  • 6 years ago

Having needed the supply of cladding, decking boards and other specified timbers through out the year Eco choice have been very helpful in sourcing the specified timbers and quantities required at a very competitive price.

Tim Saunders

  • 3 years ago

Always helpful! One of our valued TDCA DeckMark and CladMark accredited supplier members which means their quality procedures are routinely audited and stand up to scrutiny giving you extra peace of mind.

Janet Sycamore

  • 9 years ago

Wonderful guys!

Nicola Edmead

  • 6 years ago

Great quality, service and price. A pleasure to deal with. I would highly recommend Eco Choice.

Emma Hurrell

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